NEET Biology: Principles of Inheritance and Variation — Practice Set 12

Q1. Which of the following statements about mutation is incorrect?

A. Mutations can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful.
B. All mutations are inherited by the next generation.
C. Point mutations involve a single nucleotide change.
D. Frameshift mutations occur due to insertions or deletions.

Q2. Which of the following is an incorrect statement about multiple allelism?

A. A gene can have more than two alleles in a population.
B. An individual can inherit more than two alleles for a single gene.
C. ABO blood group is an example of multiple allelism.
D. Multiple allelism contributes to genetic diversity.

Q3. Which of the following statements correctly defines a dominant allele?

A. An allele that is expressed only in the homozygous state
B. An allele that is always recessive
C. An allele that is expressed even in the heterozygous state
D. An allele that does not contribute to the phenotype

Q4. What is the genetic cause of sickle-cell anemia?

A. Trisomy of chromosome 21
B. Substitution of glutamic acid by valine in hemoglobin
C. Deletion of X chromosome
D. Duplication of the HBB gene

Q5. Which of the following genetic disorders is incorrectly matched with its cause?

A. Down’s syndrome - Trisomy 21
B. Turner’s syndrome - 45, XO
C. Klinefelter’s syndrome - 47, XYY
D. Edward’s syndrome - Trisomy 18

Q6. Which of the following best describes the principle of segregation?

A. Genes on the same chromosome assort together
B. Two alleles of a gene separate during gamete formation
C. Dominant alleles always mask recessive alleles
D. Genes interact to control a single trait

Q7. Which of the following correctly describes pleiotropy?

A. One gene affects multiple traits
B. Multiple genes affect one trait
C. Two alleles blend to form an intermediate phenotype
D. Genes located on the same chromosome are inherited together

Q8. Which of the following statements about sex-linked inheritance is incorrect?

A. Color blindness is an example of X-linked inheritance.
B. Y-linked traits are inherited only by male offspring.
C. X-linked recessive disorders are more common in males than females.
D. Females cannot inherit X-linked recessive disorders.

Q9. Which of the following represents an example of pleiotropy?

A. ABO blood group
B. Sickle-cell anemia affecting multiple organs
C. Incomplete dominance in flower color
D. Polygenic inheritance of skin color

Q10. Which genetic phenomenon explains why genes located close together on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together?

A. Independent assortment
B. Linkage
C. Mutation
D. Crossing over

Biology — Principles of Inheritance and Variation

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Which of the following statements about mutation is incorrect?

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