NEET Thermal Properties of Matter — Set 11

Question 1

Which substance typically has the highest specific heat capacity among common materials?

Accepted Answer

Water has the highest specific heat capacity ($ 4186 \, \text{J kg}^{-1} \text{K}^{-1} $) among common substances listed (Section 10.6, Table 10.3), making it an effective coolant.

Question 2

A $ 0.3 \, \text{kg} $ lead block at $ 350^\circ \text{C} $ is placed in $ 0.6 \, \text{kg} $ water at $ 25^\circ \text{C} $. Find the final temperature. (Specific heat of lead = $ 127.7 \, \text{J kg}^{-1} \text{K}^{-1} $, water = $ 4186 \, \text{J kg}^{-1} \text{K}^{-1} $)

Accepted Answer

$ 0.3 \times 127.7 \times (350 - T) = 0.6 \times 4186 \times (T - 25) $. $ 13408.5 - 38.31 T = 2511.6 T - 62790 $. $ 13408.5 + 62790 = 2511.6 T + 38.31 T $. $ 76198.5 = 2549.91 T \Rightarrow T \approx 29.89^\circ \text{C} \approx 29.9^\circ \text{C} $.

Question 3

Which of the following is true about the coefficient of volume expansion compared to the coefficient of linear expansion?

Accepted Answer

The coefficient of volume expansion ($ \alpha_v $) is three times the coefficient of linear expansion ($ \alpha_l $), as $ \alpha_v = 3 \alpha_l $ (Section 10.5).

NEET Physics: Thermal Properties of Matter — Practice Set 11

Q1. Which substance typically has the highest specific heat capacity among common materials?

Q2. A \( 0.3 \, \text{kg} \) lead block at \( 350^\circ \text{C} \) is placed in \( 0.6 \, \text{kg} \) water at \( 25^\circ \text{C} \). Find the final temperature. (Specific heat of lead = \( 127.7 \, \text{J kg}^{-1} \text{K}^{-1} \), water = \( 4186 \, \text{J kg}^{-1} \text{K}^{-1} \))

Q3. Which of the following is true about the coefficient of volume expansion compared to the coefficient of linear expansion?

Q4. What is the Fahrenheit temperature equivalent to \( 75^\circ \text{C} \)?

Q5. A copper plate has an area of \( 0.8 \, \text{m}^2 \) at \( 60^\circ \text{C} \). What is the decrease in area when cooled to \( 10^\circ \text{C} \)? (\( \alpha_l = 1.7 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{K}^{-1} \))

Q6. A gas at \( 37^\circ \text{C} \) and \( 3 \, \text{atm} \) occupies \( 6 \, \text{L} \). If it is cooled to \( -13^\circ \text{C} \) while the volume is reduced to \( 4 \, \text{L} \), what is the final pressure?

Q7. A gas at \( 1.5 \, \text{atm} \) and \( 47^\circ \text{C} \) occupies \( 8 \, \text{L} \). If the temperature is raised to \( 97^\circ \text{C} \) and pressure adjusted to \( 2 \, \text{atm} \), what is the new volume?

Q8. What happens to the volume of an ideal gas if its pressure is doubled while the temperature remains constant?

Q10. A steel cylinder has a volume of \( 1.5 \, \text{L} \) at \( 55^\circ \text{C} \). What temperature must it be heated to for the volume to increase by \( 0.0054 \, \text{L} \)? (\( \alpha_l = 1.2 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{K}^{-1} \))