NEET Thermal Properties of Matter — Set 7

Question 1

Which property of a material explains why sand heats up faster than water under the same sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Specific heat capacity determines how much heat is needed to raise the temperature of a material. Sand has a lower specific heat capacity than water, so it heats up faster.

Question 2

A copper cylinder has a volume of $ 500 \, \text{cm}^3 $ at $ 50^\circ \text{C} $. What temperature must it be cooled to for the volume to decrease by $ 0.85 \, \text{cm}^3 $? ($ \alpha_l = 1.7 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{K}^{-1} $)

Accepted Answer

Given: $ V_0 = 500 \, \text{cm}^3 $, $ \Delta V = -0.85 \, \text{cm}^3 $, $ \alpha_l = 1.7 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{K}^{-1} $, $ T_1 = 50^\circ \text{C} $. $ \alpha_v = 3 \alpha_l = 3 \times 1.7 \times 10^{-5} = 5.1 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{K}^{-1} $. $ \Delta V = V_0 \alpha_v \Delta T \Rightarrow -0.85 = 500 \times 5.1 \times 10^{-5} \times \Delta T $. $ \Delta T = \frac{-0.85}{500 \times 5.1 \times 10^{-5}} = \frac{-0.85}{0.0255} \approx -33.33 \, \text{K} $. $ T_2 = 50 - 33.33 \approx 16.67^\circ \text{C} \approx 16.7^\circ \text{C} $.

Question 3

Which scale measures temperature relative to the freezing and boiling points of water with 180 intervals between them?

Accepted Answer

The Fahrenheit scale uses $ 32^\circ \text{F} $ for freezing and $ 212^\circ \text{F} $ for boiling of water, with 180 intervals ($ 212 - 32 = 180 $) between these points.

NEET Physics: Thermal Properties of Matter — Practice Set 7

Q1. Which property of a material explains why sand heats up faster than water under the same sunlight?

Q2. A copper cylinder has a volume of \( 500 \, \text{cm}^3 \) at \( 50^\circ \text{C} \). What temperature must it be cooled to for the volume to decrease by \( 0.85 \, \text{cm}^3 \)? (\( \alpha_l = 1.7 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{K}^{-1} \))

Q3. Which scale measures temperature relative to the freezing and boiling points of water with 180 intervals between them?

Q4. What is the primary factor affecting the volume expansion of a gas compared to solids and liquids?

Q6. A steel plate has an area of \( 1.2 \, \text{m}^2 \) at \( 45^\circ \text{C} \). What is the decrease in area when cooled to \( 5^\circ \text{C} \)? (\( \alpha_l = 1.2 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{K}^{-1} \))

Q7. Which material is preferred as a coolant in radiators due to its high capacity to absorb heat?

Q9. A gas at \( 300 \, \text{K} \) and \( 1 \, \text{atm} \) occupies \( 3 \, \text{L} \). If it is heated to \( 450 \, \text{K} \) while the volume is adjusted to \( 4.5 \, \text{L} \), what is the final pressure?

Q10. A gas at \( 2.8 \, \text{atm} \) and \( 97^\circ \text{C} \) occupies \( 3.8 \, \text{L} \). If the temperature is raised to \( 147^\circ \text{C} \) and volume reduced to \( 2.5 \, \text{L} \), what is the final pressure?