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NEET CHEMISTRYThe d-and f-Block ElementsMedium

Question

The electronic configurations of Eu\text{Eu} (Atomic no. 6363), Gd\text{Gd} (Atomic no. 6464), and Tb\text{Tb} (Atomic no. 6565) are, respectively:

A

[Xe]4f65d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^6 5d^1 6s^2, [Xe]4f75d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2, and [Xe]4f96s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^9 6s^2

B

[Xe]4f65d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^6 5d^1 6s^2, [Xe]4f75d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2, and [Xe]4f85d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^8 5d^1 6s^2

C

[Xe]4f76s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 6s^2, [Xe]4f75d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2, and [Xe]4f96s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^9 6s^2

D

[Xe]4f76s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 6s^2, [Xe]4f86s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^8 6s^2, and [Xe]4f85d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^8 5d^1 6s^2

Step-by-Step Solution

The electronic configurations of the given lanthanoids are based on the general configuration [Xe]4f1145d016s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^{1-14} 5d^{0-1} 6s^2:

  • Europium (Eu, Z = 63): The nearest noble gas is Xenon (Z=54Z=54). It has 9 valence electrons. Due to the extra stability of a half-filled f-subshell, its configuration is [Xe]4f76s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 6s^2.
  • Gadolinium (Gd, Z = 64): It has 10 valence electrons. To maintain the highly stable half-filled 4f74f^7 configuration, the additional electron enters the 5d5d orbital. Thus, its configuration is [Xe]4f75d16s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2.
  • Terbium (Tb, Z = 65): It has 11 valence electrons. The 5d5d electron shifts back to the 4f4f subshell as the 4f4f energy level becomes lower, resulting in the configuration [Xe]4f96s2[\text{Xe}] 4f^9 6s^2.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET CHEMISTRY syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from The d-and f-Block Elements. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

CHEMISTRYThe d-and f-Block Elementselectronicconfigurationstexteuatomictextgd

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