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NEET CHEMISTRYThermodynamicsEasy

Question

Which of the following equations correctly represents the standard heat of formation (\Delta fH°) of methane [IIT JEE (Screening) 1992]?

A

C(diamond) + 2H2(g) → CH4(g)

B

C(graphite) + 2H2(g) → CH4(l)

C

C(graphite) + 2H2(g) → CH4(g)

D

C(graphite) + 4H → CH4(g)

Step-by-Step Solution

The standard molar enthalpy of formation (ΔfH \Delta _fH^{\circ}) is defined as the enthalpy change for the formation of exactly one mole of a compound from its constituent elements in their most stable states of aggregation (reference states) . According to the sources, the reference state for carbon at 25°C and 1 bar is graphite [C(graphite)C(graphite)], and for hydrogen, it is dihydrogen gas [H2(g)H_2(g)] . The standard state of methane at 298 K is gaseous [CH4(g)CH_4(g)] . Therefore, the equation C(graphite)+2H2(g)CH4(g)C(graphite) + 2H_2(g) \rightarrow CH_4(g) correctly represents the standard heat of formation . Other options are incorrect because they use an unstable allotrope (diamond), an incorrect physical state for the product (liquid methane), or non-molecular forms of the elements (atomic hydrogen) .

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET CHEMISTRY syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from Thermodynamics. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

CHEMISTRYThermodynamicsfollowingequationscorrectlyrepresentsstandard

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