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NEET PHYSICSCURRENT ELECTRICITYMedium

Question

The number density of free electrons in a copper conductor is 8.5×1028 m38.5 \times 10^{28} \text{ m}^{-3}. How long does an electron take to drift from one end of a wire 3.0 m3.0 \text{ m} long to its other end? (The area of cross-section of the wire is 2.0×106 m22.0 \times 10^{-6} \text{ m}^2 and it is carrying a current of 3.0 A3.0 \text{ A}).

A

2.7×104 s2.7 \times 10^4 \text{ s}

B

3.3×104 s3.3 \times 10^4 \text{ s}

C

2.0×103 s2.0 \times 10^3 \text{ s}

D

3.9×103 s3.9 \times 10^3 \text{ s}

Step-by-Step Solution

The relationship between current (II) and drift velocity (vdv_d) is given by the formula I=nAevdI = nAe v_d . The time (tt) taken for an electron to drift across the length (ll) of the wire is t=lvdt = \frac{l}{v_d}. Substituting vdv_d from the current equation, we get t=nAelIt = \frac{n A e l}{I}.

Given: n=8.5×1028 m3n = 8.5 \times 10^{28} \text{ m}^{-3} A=2.0×106 m2A = 2.0 \times 10^{-6} \text{ m}^2 e=1.6×1019 Ce = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \text{ C} l=3.0 ml = 3.0 \text{ m} I=3.0 AI = 3.0 \text{ A}

Calculation: t=(8.5×1028)(2.0×106)(1.6×1019)(3.0)3.0t = \frac{(8.5 \times 10^{28})(2.0 \times 10^{-6})(1.6 \times 10^{-19})(3.0)}{3.0} t=8.5×2.0×1.6×103t = 8.5 \times 2.0 \times 1.6 \times 10^{3} t=27.2×103 s=2.72×104 st = 27.2 \times 10^3 \text{ s} = 2.72 \times 10^4 \text{ s}.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from CURRENT ELECTRICITY. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

PHYSICSCURRENT ELECTRICITYnumberdensityelectronscopperconductor

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