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NEET PHYSICSELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCEMedium

Question

A dielectric slab of dielectric constant 3 having the same area of cross-section as that of a parallel plate capacitor but of thickness 3/4th of the separation of the plates is inserted into the capacitor. The ratio of potential difference across the plates without dielectric to that with dielectric is:

A

1:2

B

2:3

C

3:2

D

2:1

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Formula for Potential: For a parallel plate capacitor with charge QQ, plate area AA, and separation dd, the potential difference is V0=Qdε0AV_0 = \frac{Qd}{\varepsilon_0 A}.
  2. With Dielectric: When a dielectric slab of thickness tt and dielectric constant KK is inserted, the new potential difference VV' is given by V=Qε0A[(dt)+tK]V' = \frac{Q}{\varepsilon_0 A} \left[ (d-t) + \frac{t}{K} \right].
  3. Given Values: K=3K = 3, t=34dt = \frac{3}{4}d.
  4. Substitute: V=Qε0A[(d34d)+3d/43]V' = \frac{Q}{\varepsilon_0 A} \left[ (d - \frac{3}{4}d) + \frac{3d/4}{3} \right] V=Qε0A[d4+d4]=Qε0A[d2]=V02V' = \frac{Q}{\varepsilon_0 A} \left[ \frac{d}{4} + \frac{d}{4} \right] = \frac{Q}{\varepsilon_0 A} \left[ \frac{d}{2} \right] = \frac{V_0}{2}.
  5. Ratio: The ratio of potential difference without dielectric (V0V_0) to that with dielectric (VV') is: V0V=V0V0/2=2:1\frac{V_0}{V'} = \frac{V_0}{V_0 / 2} = 2:1.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

PHYSICSELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCEdielectricdielectricconstanthavingcrosssection

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