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NEET PHYSICSWAVEMedium

Question

A source of sound S emitting waves of frequency 100 Hz100 \text{ Hz} and an observer O are located at some distance from each other. The source is moving with a speed of 19.4 m/s19.4 \text{ m/s} at an angle of 6060^{\circ} with the source-observer line as shown in the figure. The observer is at rest. The apparent frequency observed by the observer (velocity of sound in air 330 m/s330 \text{ m/s}), is:

A

100 Hz100 \text{ Hz}

B

103 Hz103 \text{ Hz}

C

106 Hz106 \text{ Hz}

D

97 Hz97 \text{ Hz}

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Identify the Doppler Effect Formula: When the source moves at an angle to the line joining the source and the observer, only the component of the source's velocity along the line of sight affects the apparent frequency. The formula is f=f(vvvscosθ)f' = f \left( \frac{v}{v - v_s \cos \theta} \right), where vv is the velocity of sound, vsv_s is the velocity of the source, and θ\theta is the angle with the line of sight.
  2. Determine the Effective Source Velocity: The component of the source's velocity directed towards the observer is vscos(60)v_s \cos(60^{\circ}). veffective=19.4×cos(60)=19.4×12=9.7 m/sv_{\text{effective}} = 19.4 \times \cos(60^{\circ}) = 19.4 \times \frac{1}{2} = 9.7 \text{ m/s}
  3. Calculate the Apparent Frequency: Substitute the given values (f=100 Hzf = 100 \text{ Hz}, v=330 m/sv = 330 \text{ m/s}, and veffective=9.7 m/sv_{\text{effective}} = 9.7 \text{ m/s}) into the formula: f=100(3303309.7)f' = 100 \left( \frac{330}{330 - 9.7} \right) f=100(330320.3)f' = 100 \left( \frac{330}{320.3} \right) f=100×1.03028103.03 Hzf' = 100 \times 1.03028 \dots \approx 103.03 \text{ Hz} Rounding off to the nearest integer, the apparent frequency observed is 103 Hz103 \text{ Hz}.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from WAVE. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

PHYSICSWAVEsourceemittingfrequencyobserverlocated

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