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Question

A speed motorcyclist sees a traffic jam ahead of him. He slows down to 36 km/h36 \text{ km/h}. He finds that traffic has eased and a car moving in front of him at 18 km/h18 \text{ km/h} is honking at a frequency of 1392 Hz1392 \text{ Hz}. If the speed of sound is 343 m/s343 \text{ m/s}, the frequency of the honk as heard by him will be

A

1332 Hz1332 \text{ Hz}

B

1372 Hz1372 \text{ Hz}

C

1412 Hz1412 \text{ Hz}

D

1454 Hz1454 \text{ Hz}

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Identify the Given Data: Velocity of the observer (motorcyclist), vo=36 km/h=36×518 m/s=10 m/sv_o = 36 \text{ km/h} = 36 \times \frac{5}{18} \text{ m/s} = 10 \text{ m/s}. Velocity of the source (car), vs=18 km/h=18×518 m/s=5 m/sv_s = 18 \text{ km/h} = 18 \times \frac{5}{18} \text{ m/s} = 5 \text{ m/s}. Actual frequency of the honk, f=1392 Hzf = 1392 \text{ Hz}. Speed of sound, v=343 m/sv = 343 \text{ m/s}.
  2. Determine the Relative Motions: The motorcyclist is behind the car. Both are moving in the same direction.
  • The observer (motorcyclist) is moving towards the source, which tends to increase the apparent frequency. Thus, the numerator in the Doppler formula will be (v+vo)(v + v_o).
  • The source (car) is moving away from the observer, which tends to decrease the apparent frequency. Thus, the denominator will be (v+vs)(v + v_s).
  1. Apply the Doppler Effect Formula: The apparent frequency ff' is given by: f=f(v+vov+vs)f' = f \left( \frac{v + v_o}{v + v_s} \right) Substitute the values into the formula : f=1392(343+10343+5)f' = 1392 \left( \frac{343 + 10}{343 + 5} \right) f=1392(353348)f' = 1392 \left( \frac{353}{348} \right) f=4×353=1412 Hzf' = 4 \times 353 = 1412 \text{ Hz} Therefore, the frequency of the honk heard by the motorcyclist is 1412 Hz1412 \text{ Hz}.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from WAVE. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

PHYSICSWAVEmotorcyclisttraffictrafficmovinghonking

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