Question
The driver of a car travelling at a speed of towards a hill sounds a horn of frequency . If the velocity of sound in air is , the frequency of reflected sound as heard by the driver is:
Let the velocity of sound be , the velocity of the car be , and the actual frequency of the horn be . When the sound travels towards the hill, the car acts as a moving source approaching a stationary reflector (the hill). The apparent frequency received by the hill is: When the sound is reflected from the hill, the hill acts as a stationary source emitting frequency , and the car acts as an observer moving towards the source. The frequency heard by the driver is: Substituting into the second equation gives the formula for the apparent frequency of an echo heard by a moving source: Therefore, the driver hears a frequency of .
This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from WAVE OPTICS. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.
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