Question
Production of a human protein in bacteria by genetic engineering is possible because:
Bacterial cells can carry out the RNA splicing reactions
The mechanism of gene regulation is identical in humans and bacteria
The human chromosome can replicate in bacterial cell
The genetic code is universal
the genetic code is nearly universal, which means that a specific codon (such as UUU) codes for the same amino acid (such as Phenylalanine) in almost all organisms, from bacteria to humans . This fundamental property allows the cellular machinery of a bacterium to correctly translate human genetic sequences into the intended protein . A prime example of this is the large-scale production of human insulin in E. coli bacteria . It is important to note that bacterial cells cannot carry out RNA splicing (the removal of introns), so for genetic engineering to work, scientists must use DNA sequences where introns are already absent . Understanding these core molecular principles is a high-priority strategy for medical aspirants, as NCERT textbooks serve as the definitive source for approximately 95% of NEET Biology questions .
This question aligns with the NEET BIOLOGY syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from Molecular Basis of Inheritance. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.
More Molecular Basis of Inheritance Questions
Which scientist conducted an experiment with 32P and 35S labelled phages for demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material?
The method of DNA replication in which two strands of DNA separate and synthesize new strands is called:
Which one of the following experiments of Frederick Griffith resulted in the discovery of bacterial transformation?
Given below are two statements: Statement I: In the RNA world, RNA is considered the first genetic material evolved to carry out essential life processes. RNA acts as a genetic material and also as a catalyst for some important biochemical reactions in living systems. Being reactive, RNA is unstable. Statement II: DNA evolved from RNA and is a more stable genetic material. Its double helical strands being complementary, resist changes by evolving repairing mechanism. In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
What is the role of RNA polymerase III in the process of transcription in Eukaryotes?
Which experimental material was used by Taylor and colleagues to prove that DNA in chromosomes replicates semiconservatively?
Which of the following is not a cloning vector?
The association of histone H1 with a nucleosome indicates:
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