the four major causes of biodiversity loss, collectively known as 'The Evil Quartet', are habitat loss and fragmentation, over-exploitation, alien species invasions, and co-extinctions . Specifically, habitat loss and fragmentation is considered the most important cause . Among the provided options, (A) Over exploitation, (B) Co-extinction, and (D) Habitat loss and fragmentation are explicitly listed as part of this quartet . While mutation and migration are biological processes discussed in the sources, they are not identified as primary drivers of species extinction .