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NEET CHEMISTRYAldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic AcidsEasy

Question

Which acid does not exhibit optical isomerism?

A

Maleic acid

B

\alpha -amino acid

C

Lactic acid

D

Tartaric acid

Step-by-Step Solution

Optical isomerism is a form of stereoisomerism exhibited by molecules that are chiral (non-superimposable on their mirror images), typically due to the presence of an asymmetric carbon atom bonded to four different groups.

  1. Maleic acid (cis-but-2-enedioic acid) possesses a plane of symmetry and lacks a chiral center. It exhibits geometrical isomerism (cis-trans) along with Fumaric acid, but it is optically inactive.
  2. Lactic acid (2-hydroxypropanoic acid) contains one chiral carbon atom and exists as a pair of enantiomers.
  3. Tartaric acid (2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid) contains two chiral centers and exhibits optical isomerism (d-form, l-form, and meso-form).
  4. α\alpha-amino acids (except glycine) contain a chiral α\alpha-carbon atom and are optically active.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET CHEMISTRY syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

CHEMISTRYAldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acidsexhibitopticalisomerism

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