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NEET CHEMISTRYSolutionsMedium

Question

Which of the following mixtures forms the maximum boiling azeotrope?

A

Heptane + Octane

B

Water + Nitric acid

C

Ethanol + Water

D

Acetone + Carbon disulphide

Step-by-Step Solution

Azeotropes are binary mixtures that have the same composition in liquid and vapour phase and boil at a constant temperature.

  1. Maximum Boiling Azeotrope: This type of azeotrope is formed by solutions that show large negative deviation from Raoult's law. In such solutions, the intermolecular attractive forces between the solute and solvent (A-B) are stronger than those between the pure components (A-A and B-B). This decreases the vapour pressure and increases the boiling point.
  • Nitric acid and Water: As stated in the NCERT text, a mixture of 68% nitric acid and 32% water by mass shows a large negative deviation and forms a maximum boiling azeotrope with a boiling point of 393.5 K .
  1. Minimum Boiling Azeotrope: Formed by solutions showing positive deviation from Raoult's law (weaker A-B interactions).
  • Ethanol + Water: Shows positive deviation and forms a minimum boiling azeotrope .
  • Acetone + Carbon disulphide: Shows positive deviation and forms a minimum boiling azeotrope .
  1. Ideal Solution:
  • Heptane + Octane: Being homologues, they form a nearly ideal solution and do not form an azeotrope .

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET CHEMISTRY syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from Solutions. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

CHEMISTRYSolutionsfollowingmixturesmaximumboilingazeotrope

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