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NEET PHYSICSMechanical Properties of FluidMedium

Question

The approximate depth of an ocean is 2700 m2700 \text{ m}. The compressibility of water is 45.4×1011 Pa145.4 \times 10^{-11} \text{ Pa}^{-1} and the density of water is 103 kg/m310^3 \text{ kg/m}^3. What fractional compression of water will be obtained at the bottom of the ocean?

A

0.8×1020.8 \times 10^{-2}

B

1.0×1021.0 \times 10^{-2}

C

1.2×1021.2 \times 10^{-2}

D

1.4×1021.4 \times 10^{-2}

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Identify the Goal: We need to find the fractional compression, which is the ratio of change in volume to original volume (ΔV/V\Delta V / V).
  2. Relate Compressibility and Pressure: Compressibility (kk) is the reciprocal of the Bulk Modulus (BB). The definition of Bulk Modulus is B=ΔPΔV/VB = \frac{\Delta P}{\Delta V / V}. Therefore, fractional compression is given by: ΔVV=ΔPB=kΔP\frac{\Delta V}{V} = \frac{\Delta P}{B} = k \Delta P where ΔP\Delta P is the change in pressure .
  3. Calculate Pressure at Depth: The pressure exerted by a water column of height hh is given by the hydrostatic formula: P=hρgP = h \rho g Given:
  • Depth (hh) = 2700 m2700 \text{ m}
  • Density (ρ\rho) = 103 kg/m310^3 \text{ kg/m}^3
  • Acceleration due to gravity (gg) 10 m/s2\approx 10 \text{ m/s}^2 P=2700×103×10=27×106 Pa=2.7×107 PaP = 2700 \times 10^3 \times 10 = 27 \times 10^6 \text{ Pa} = 2.7 \times 10^7 \text{ Pa}
  1. Calculate Fractional Compression: Substitute the pressure and given compressibility (k=45.4×1011 Pa1k = 45.4 \times 10^{-11} \text{ Pa}^{-1}) into the equation: ΔVV=(45.4×1011 Pa1)×(2.7×107 Pa)\frac{\Delta V}{V} = (45.4 \times 10^{-11} \text{ Pa}^{-1}) \times (2.7 \times 10^7 \text{ Pa}) ΔVV=122.58×104\frac{\Delta V}{V} = 122.58 \times 10^{-4} ΔVV1.2×102\frac{\Delta V}{V} \approx 1.2 \times 10^{-2}

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from Mechanical Properties of Fluid. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

PHYSICSMechanical Properties of Fluidapproximatecompressibilitydensityfractionalcompression

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