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NEET PHYSICSWORK, ENERGY AND POWERMedium

Question

Two particles of masses m1m_1 and m2m_2 move with initial velocities u1u_1 and u2u_2 respectively. On collision, one of the particles gets excited to a higher level, after absorbing energy EE. If the final velocities of particles are v1v_1 and v2v_2, then we must have:

A

m12u1+m22u2E=m12v1+m22v2m_1^2 u_1 + m_2^2 u_2 - E = m_1^2 v_1 + m_2^2 v_2

B

12m1u12+12m2u22=12m1v12+12m2v22\frac{1}{2} m_1 u_1^2 + \frac{1}{2} m_2 u_2^2 = \frac{1}{2} m_1 v_1^2 + \frac{1}{2} m_2 v_2^2

C

12m1u12+12m2u22E=12m1v12+12m2v22\frac{1}{2} m_1 u_1^2 + \frac{1}{2} m_2 u_2^2 - E = \frac{1}{2} m_1 v_1^2 + \frac{1}{2} m_2 v_2^2

D

12m12u12+12m22u22+E=12m12v12+12m22v22\frac{1}{2} m_1^2 u_1^2 + \frac{1}{2} m_2^2 u_2^2 + E = \frac{1}{2} m_1^2 v_1^2 + \frac{1}{2} m_2^2 v_2^2

Step-by-Step Solution

This problem is governed by the Law of Conservation of Energy, which states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant .

  1. Initial Energy: Before the collision, the total energy of the system is the sum of the kinetic energies of the two particles: KEinitial=12m1u12+12m2u22KE_{initial} = \frac{1}{2}m_1 u_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_2 u_2^2 .
  2. Final Energy: After the collision, the total energy consists of the final kinetic energies of the particles plus the internal excitation energy EE absorbed by one of the particles: Efinal=12m1v12+12m2v22+EE_{final} = \frac{1}{2}m_1 v_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_2 v_2^2 + E .
  3. Energy Balance: Equating the initial and final states: 12m1u12+12m2u22=12m1v12+12m2v22+E\frac{1}{2}m_1 u_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_2 u_2^2 = \frac{1}{2}m_1 v_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_2 v_2^2 + E
  4. Rearranging: To match the provided options, we subtract EE from both sides: 12m1u12+12m2u22E=12m1v12+12m2v22\frac{1}{2}m_1 u_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_2 u_2^2 - E = \frac{1}{2}m_1 v_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_2 v_2^2

This describes an inelastic collision where kinetic energy is not conserved because a portion of it is transformed into internal potential/excitation energy .

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from WORK, ENERGY AND POWER. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

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