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neet BIOLOGYMedium

In which one of the following options the two examples are correctly matched with their particular type of immunity?

A

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes - Cellular barriers

B

Anti-tetanus and snake bite injection - Active immunity

C

Saliva in mouth and Tears in eyes - Physical barriers

D

Mucus coating epithelium - Physiological barriers

Step-by-Step Solution

Innate immunity consists of four types of barriers:

  1. Cellular barriers: Certain types of leukocytes (WBC) like polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL-neutrophils) and monocytes and natural killer cells in the blood as well as macrophages in tissues can phagocytose and destroy microbes
  2. Physiological barriers: Acid in the stomach, saliva in the mouth, and tears from eyes prevent microbial growth
  3. Physical barriers: Skin and mucus coating of the epithelium lining the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts
  4. Cytokine barriers: Virus-infected cells secrete proteins called interferons

Additionally, injections for tetanus and snakebite contain preformed antibodies, which provide passive immunity, not active immunity

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