Question
A coil of self-inductance is connected in series with a bulb and an AC source. The brightness of the bulb decreases when:
number of turns in the coil is reduced.
a capacitance of reactance is included in the same circuit.
an iron rod is inserted in the coil.
frequency of the AC source is decreased.
The brightness of the bulb depends on the power dissipated (), which is determined by the current () flowing through the series circuit. The current in an RL series circuit is given by , where is the inductive reactance .
To decrease the brightness, the current must decrease, which requires the impedance (and thus or ) to increase.
Inserting an iron rod: The self-inductance of a solenoid is given by . Inserting an iron rod (a ferromagnetic material with high relative permeability ) dramatically increases the self-inductance . This increases and the total impedance , thereby reducing the current and the bulb's brightness.
Analysis of other options: Reducing turns () decreases (), decreasing impedance and increasing brightness. Adding capacitance where causes resonance (, minimum impedance), which maximizes current and brightness.
This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.
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