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NEET PHYSICSELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTIONMedium

Question

A coil of self-inductance LL is connected in series with a bulb BB and an AC source. The brightness of the bulb decreases when:

A

number of turns in the coil is reduced.

B

a capacitance of reactance XC=XLX_C = X_L is included in the same circuit.

C

an iron rod is inserted in the coil.

D

frequency of the AC source is decreased.

Step-by-Step Solution

The brightness of the bulb depends on the power dissipated (P=I2RP = I^2 R), which is determined by the current (II) flowing through the series circuit. The current in an RL series circuit is given by I=VZ=VR2+XL2I = \frac{V}{Z} = \frac{V}{\sqrt{R^2 + X_L^2}}, where XL=ωL=2πfLX_L = \omega L = 2\pi f L is the inductive reactance .

To decrease the brightness, the current II must decrease, which requires the impedance ZZ (and thus XLX_L or LL) to increase.

  1. Inserting an iron rod: The self-inductance of a solenoid is given by L=μrμ0n2AlL = \mu_r \mu_0 n^2 Al. Inserting an iron rod (a ferromagnetic material with high relative permeability μr\mu_r) dramatically increases the self-inductance LL . This increases XLX_L and the total impedance ZZ, thereby reducing the current and the bulb's brightness.

  2. Analysis of other options: Reducing turns (NN) decreases LL (LN2L \propto N^2), decreasing impedance and increasing brightness. Adding capacitance where XC=XLX_C = X_L causes resonance (Z=RZ = R, minimum impedance), which maximizes current and brightness.

  • Decreasing frequency (ff) decreases XLX_L (XLfX_L \propto f), decreasing impedance and increasing brightness.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

PHYSICSELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTIONselfinductanceconnectedseriessourcebrightness

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