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NEET PHYSICSNUCLEIMedium

Question

At any instant, two elements X1X_1 and X2X_2 have the same number of radioactive atoms. If the decay constants of X1X_1 and X2X_2 are 10λ10\lambda and λ\lambda respectively, then the time when the ratio of their atoms becomes 1/e1/e will be:

A

111λ\frac{1}{11\lambda}

B

19λ\frac{1}{9\lambda}

C

16λ\frac{1}{6\lambda}

D

15λ\frac{1}{5\lambda}

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Identify the Decay Law: The number of undecayed nuclei NN at time tt is given by N=N0eλtN = N_0 e^{-\lambda t} .
  2. Set up Equations for Both Elements:
  • Let the initial number of atoms for both be N0N_0.
  • For X1X_1: N1=N0e10λtN_1 = N_0 e^{-10\lambda t}
  • For X2X_2: N2=N0eλtN_2 = N_0 e^{-\lambda t}
  1. Calculate the Ratio:
  • We are given that N1N2=1e=e1\frac{N_1}{N_2} = \frac{1}{e} = e^{-1}.
  • Substitute the decay equations: N0e10λtN0eλt=e1\frac{N_0 e^{-10\lambda t}}{N_0 e^{-\lambda t}} = e^{-1}.
  • Simplify the exponentials: e(10λ(λ))t=e9λte^{(-10\lambda - (-\lambda))t} = e^{-9\lambda t}.
  1. Solve for Time (tt):
  • Equate the exponents: 9λt=1-9\lambda t = -1.
  • t=19λt = \frac{1}{9\lambda}.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from NUCLEI. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

PHYSICSNUCLEIinstantelementsnumberradioactiveconstants

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