If in a p-n junction, a square input signal of $10 ext{ V}$ is applied as shown, then the output across $R_L$

Question

If in a p-n junction, a square input signal of $10	ext{ V}$ is applied as shown, then the output across $R_L$ will be:

Accepted Answer

1. **Half-Wave Rectification:** A single p-n junction diode in series with a load resistor $R_L$ forms a half-wave rectifier circuit.
2. **Forward Bias:** During the positive half-cycle of the input square wave, the diode becomes forward-biased and conducts current. The output voltage across $R_L$ will track the positive input voltage (e.g., if the input is $+5	ext{ V}$, the output is approximately $+5	ext{ V}$).
3. **Reverse Bias:** During the negative half-cycle, the diode becomes reverse-biased. It acts as an open switch and blocks the current. The output voltage across $R_L$ will be zero.
4. **Conclusion:** The output waveform will consist only of the positive pulses of the input square wave, with zero voltage during the negative half-cycles. Option 4 correctly represents this rectified output.

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