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NEET CHEMISTRYHaloalkanes and HaloarenesMedium

Question

A reaction among the following can generate isonitriles as a major product. (A) R-X+HCN\text{R-X} + \text{HCN} \rightarrow (B) R-X+AgCN\text{R-X} + \text{AgCN} \rightarrow (C) R-X+KCN\text{R-X} + \text{KCN} \rightarrow (D) R-X+NaCNC2H5OH/H2O\text{R-X} + \text{NaCN} \xrightarrow{\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}/\text{H}_2\text{O}} Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

A

(D) only

B

(C) and (D) only

C

(B) only

D

(A) and (B) only

Step-by-Step Solution

Haloalkanes (R-X\text{R-X}) react with AgCN\text{AgCN} to form alkyl isocyanides (isonitriles) as the main product. AgCN\text{AgCN} is mainly covalent in nature, and only the nitrogen atom is free to donate an electron pair, thus forming an isocyanide. On the other hand, KCN\text{KCN} and NaCN\text{NaCN} are predominantly ionic and provide cyanide ions in solution. Since the carbon-carbon (C-C\text{C-C}) bond is more stable than the carbon-nitrogen (C-N\text{C-N}) bond, the attack takes place mainly through the carbon atom, leading to the formation of alkyl cyanides (nitriles) . Therefore, only reaction (B) generates isonitriles.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET CHEMISTRY syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from Haloalkanes and Haloarenes. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

CHEMISTRYHaloalkanes and Haloarenesreactionfollowinggenerateisonitrilesproduct

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