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NEET CHEMISTRYAlcohols, Phenols and EthersMedium

Question

Consider the following reactions:

  1. RCOOH(i) X(ii) H2O/HClRCH2OHR-COOH \xrightarrow{\text{(i) } X} \xrightarrow{\text{(ii) } H_2O/HCl} R-CH_2OH
  2. RCH=CH2(i) X(ii) H2O/NaOH/H2O2RCH2CH2OHR-CH=CH_2 \xrightarrow{\text{(i) } X} \xrightarrow{\text{(ii) } H_2O/NaOH/H_2O_2} R-CH_2-CH_2-OH

Identify 'X' in the above reactions:

A

B_2H_6

B

LiAlH_4

C

NaBH_4

D

H_2/Pd

Step-by-Step Solution

The reagent 'X' must be capable of performing both transformations:

  1. Reaction 1 (Reduction of Carboxylic Acid): Carboxylic acids are reduced to primary alcohols by strong reducing agents like Lithium Aluminium Hydride (LiAlH4LiAlH_4) or Diborane (B2H6B_2H_6). notably, B2H6B_2H_6 is a versatile reagent that reduces carboxylic acids even more readily than esters or ketones. Sodium Borohydride (NaBH4NaBH_4) does not reduce carboxylic acids.
  2. Reaction 2 (Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkene): The conversion of an alkene (RCH=CH2R-CH=CH_2) to a primary alcohol (RCH2CH2OHR-CH_2-CH_2-OH) anti-Markovnikov addition of water requires Diborane (B2H6B_2H_6) followed by oxidation with alkaline hydrogen peroxide (H2O2/OHH_2O_2/OH^-). LiAlH4LiAlH_4 does not effect this transformation.

Since 'X' must be common to both, B2H6B_2H_6 is the correct answer.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET CHEMISTRY syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

CHEMISTRYAlcohols, Phenols and Ethersconsiderfollowingreactionsxrightarrowtextixrightarrowtextii

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