Match the allotropes of carbon given in List I with the respective characteristics given in List II.

**List-I

Question

Match the allotropes of carbon given in List I with the respective characteristics given in List II.

**List-I**
(A) Coke
(B) Diamond
(C) Fullerene
(D) Graphite

**List-II**
I. Carbon atoms are $sp^3$ hybridised.
II. Used as a dry lubricant
III. Used as a reducing agent
IV. Cage like molecules

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Accepted Answer

Let us match each allotrope of carbon with its characteristic property:
1. **Coke:** It is a carbonaceous solid used extensively as a reducing agent in various metallurgical processes.
2. **Diamond:** Each carbon atom undergoes $sp^3$ hybridisation and is tetrahedrally bonded to four other carbon atoms, forming a rigid 3D network.
3. **Fullerene:** They are discrete, hollow, cage-like carbon molecules (e.g., $C_{60}$, Buckminsterfullerene).
4. **Graphite:** It consists of planar layers of $sp^2$ hybridised carbon atoms. The weak van der Waals forces between these layers allow them to slip over one another, making graphite soft, slippery, and an excellent dry lubricant.
Therefore, the correct matching is (A)-III, (B)-I, (C)-IV, (D)-II.

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