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NEET CHEMISTRYAlcohols, Phenols and EthersMedium

Question

The compound A on treatment with Na gives B, and with PCl₅ gives C. B and C react together to give diethyl ether. A, B and C are, respectively:

A

C2H5OH,C2H6,C2H5ClC_2H_5OH, C_2H_6, C_2H_5Cl

B

C2H5OH,C2H5Cl,C2H5ONaC_2H_5OH, C_2H_5Cl, C_2H_5ONa

C

C2H5Cl,C2H6,C2H5OHC_2H_5Cl, C_2H_6, C_2H_5OH

D

C2H5OH,C2H5ONa,C2H5ClC_2H_5OH, C_2H_5ONa, C_2H_5Cl

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Identify A: Since the final product is diethyl ether (C2H5−O−C2H5C_2H_5-O-C_2H_5) formed by the reaction of B and C (Williamson synthesis), and A yields B with Na and C with PCl5PCl_5, A must be Ethanol (C2H5OHC_2H_5OH).
  2. Formation of B: Alcohols react with active metals like sodium to form sodium alkoxides. 2C2H5OH(A)+2Na→2C2H5ONa(B)+H22C_2H_5OH (A) + 2Na \rightarrow 2C_2H_5ONa (B) + H_2 So, B is Sodium Ethoxide.
  3. Formation of C: Alcohols react with phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5PCl_5) to form alkyl chlorides. C2H5OH(A)+PCl5→C2H5Cl(C)+POCl3+HClC_2H_5OH (A) + PCl_5 \rightarrow C_2H_5Cl (C) + POCl_3 + HCl So, C is Ethyl Chloride.
  4. Formation of Ether: B and C react via nucleophilic substitution (Williamson Ether Synthesis). C2H5ONa(B)+C2H5Cl(C)→C2H5−O−C2H5+NaClC_2H_5ONa (B) + C_2H_5Cl (C) \rightarrow C_2H_5-O-C_2H_5 + NaCl

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET CHEMISTRY syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

CHEMISTRYAlcohols, Phenols and Etherscompoundtreatmenttogetherdiethylrespectively

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