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NEET PHYSICSGRAVITATIONMedium

Question

A body projected vertically from the earth reaches a height equal to earth's radius before returning to the earth. The power exerted by the gravitational force is greatest:

A

at the instant just before the body hits the earth

B

it remains constant all through

C

at the instant just after the body is projected

D

at the highest position of the body

Step-by-Step Solution

Power is defined as the dot product of force and velocity: P=Fv=FvcosθP = \mathbf{F} \cdot \mathbf{v} = Fv \cos \theta. The gravitational force F=GMmr2F = \frac{GMm}{r^2} is maximum at the Earth's surface (r=Rr=R) and decreases with height. The velocity vv is maximum at the Earth's surface (both at projection and impact) and zero at the highest point. During upward motion, gravity acts downwards while velocity is upwards (θ=180\theta = 180^{\circ}), so power is negative (P=FvP = -Fv). During downward motion, both gravity and velocity are downwards (θ=0\theta = 0^{\circ}), so power is positive (P=FvP = Fv). Maximum positive power occurs when both FF and vv are maximum and in the same direction, which happens at the instant just before the body hits the Earth.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from GRAVITATION. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

PHYSICSGRAVITATIONprojectedverticallyreachesheightearths

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