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NEET PHYSICSWAVE OPTICSMedium

Question

Two particles are oscillating along two close parallel straight lines side by side, with the same frequency and amplitudes. They pass each other, moving in opposite directions when their displacement is half of the amplitude. The mean positions of the two particles lie on a straight line perpendicular to the paths of the two particles. The phase difference is:

A

zero

B

2π3\frac{2\pi}{3}

C

π\pi

D

π6\frac{\pi}{6}

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Identify the equations of motion: For two particles executing Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) with the same amplitude AA and frequency ω\omega, their displacements at any time tt can be written as y1=Asin(ωt+ϕ1)y_1 = A\sin(\omega t + \phi_1) and y2=Asin(ωt+ϕ2)y_2 = A\sin(\omega t + \phi_2).
  2. Determine the phase at the meeting point: The particles pass each other when their displacement is half of the amplitude, i.e., y1=y2=A2y_1 = y_2 = \frac{A}{2}. This gives sin(ωt+ϕ1)=12\sin(\omega t + \phi_1) = \frac{1}{2} and sin(ωt+ϕ2)=12\sin(\omega t + \phi_2) = \frac{1}{2}.
  3. Calculate the phase difference: Since the particles are moving in opposite directions, their velocities must have opposite signs. The possible phases corresponding to a sine value of 12\frac{1}{2} in one cycle are π6\frac{\pi}{6} and ππ6=5π6\pi - \frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{5\pi}{6}. Let the phase of the first particle be θ1=π6\theta_1 = \frac{\pi}{6} (moving towards the positive extreme) and the phase of the second particle be θ2=5π6\theta_2 = \frac{5\pi}{6} (moving towards the mean position). The phase difference is Δϕ=θ2θ1=5π6π6=4π6=2π3\Delta\phi = \theta_2 - \theta_1 = \frac{5\pi}{6} - \frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{4\pi}{6} = \frac{2\pi}{3}.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET PHYSICS syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from WAVE OPTICS. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

PHYSICSWAVE OPTICSparticlesoscillatingparallelstraightfrequency

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