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NEET CHEMISTRYOrganic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques Easy

Question

Which of the following species contains three bond pairs and one lone pair around the central atom?

A

H₂O

B

BF₃

C

NH₂⁻

D

PCl₃

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Analyze PCl₃ (Phosphorus Trichloride): The central Phosphorus atom (Group 15) has 5 valence electrons. It forms 3 sigma bonds with Chlorine atoms.
  • Bond Pairs (BP) = 3
  • Lone Pairs (LP) = 5−32=1\frac{5 - 3}{2} = 1
  • Result: 3 Bond Pairs + 1 Lone Pair.
  1. Analyze H₂O: Oxygen (Group 16) has 6 valence electrons. Forms 2 bonds with Hydrogen.
  • BP = 2
  • LP = 6−22=2\frac{6 - 2}{2} = 2
  • Result: 2 BP + 2 LP.
  1. Analyze BF₃: Boron (Group 13) has 3 valence electrons. Forms 3 bonds with Fluorine.
  • BP = 3
  • LP = 3−32=0\frac{3 - 3}{2} = 0
  • Result: 3 BP + 0 LP.
  1. Analyze NH₂⁻: Nitrogen (Group 15) has 5 valence electrons. The negative charge adds 1 electron, total 6. Forms 2 bonds with Hydrogen.
  • BP = 2
  • LP = 6−22=2\frac{6 - 2}{2} = 2
  • Result: 2 BP + 2 LP.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET CHEMISTRY syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques . Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

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Which one of the following pairs is isostructural (i.e., having the same shape and hybridization)?

A.$\text{BCl}_3$ and $\text{BrCl}_3$
B.$\text{NH}_3$ and $\text{NO}_3^-$
C.$\text{NF}_3$ and $\text{BF}_3$
D.$\text{BF}_4^-$ and $\text{NH}_4^+$
MediumSolve

Among the following, isoelectronic species are:

A.$CO_{2}, NO_{2}$
B.$NO_{2}^{-}, CO_{2}$
C.$CN^{-}, CO$
D.$SO_{2}, CO_{2}$
EasySolve

Which one of the following pairs of species have the same bond order?

A.$\text{CO}$, $\text{NO}$
B.$\text{O}_2^-$, $\text{CN}^-$
C.$\text{CN}^-$, $\text{NO}^+$
D.$\text{N}^+$, $\text{CN}^+$
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In a regular octahedral molecule, $MX_{6}$, the number of $X–M–X$ bonds at 180º is:

A.Two
B.Six
C.Four
D.Three
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Which of the following pairs of ions are isoelectronic and isostructural?

A.CO₃²⁻, SO₃²⁻
B.ClO₃⁻, CO₃²⁻
C.SO₃²⁻, NO₃⁻
D.ClO₃⁻, SO₃²⁻
MediumSolve

Which orbital does the additional electron occupy when $O_{2}$ is converted to the $O_{2}^{-}$ ion?

A.$\pi$ orbital
B.$\sigma^{*}$ orbital
C.$\sigma$ orbital
D.$\pi^{*}$ orbital
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A species that does not exhibit paramagnetism is:

A.$N_{2}^{+}$
B.$O_{2}^{-}$
C.$CO$
D.$NO$
MediumSolve

The total number of $\pi$-bond electrons in the following structure is:

A.4
B.8
C.12
D.16
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