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NEET CHEMISTRYClassification of Elements and Periodicity in PropertiesMedium

Question

An electronic configuration that has maximum difference between II and III ionization potential is:

A

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹

B

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²

C

1s² 2s² 2p⁶

D

1s² 2s² 2p⁵

Step-by-Step Solution

Ionization potential (or Enthalpy) increases successively (IE1<IE2<IE3<IE_1 < IE_2 < IE_3 < \dots). A sudden large jump in ionization energy occurs when an electron is removed from a stable noble gas configuration (core shell) after the valence electrons have been removed.

  1. Analyze the jump between IE2IE_2 and IE3IE_3: This implies that the 2nd electron is removed easily (valence shell), but the 3rd electron is removed from a stable core. This characteristic belongs to an element with 2 valence electrons (ns2ns^2 configuration).
  2. Evaluate Option B (1s22s22p63s21s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2): This is Magnesium (Mg, Group 2). Removal of 1st electron (3s23s13s^2 \rightarrow 3s^1): IE1IE_1 (low). Removal of 2nd electron (3s12p63s^1 \rightarrow 2p^6): IE2IE_2 (relatively low, empties valence shell). Removal of 3rd electron (2p62p52p^6 \rightarrow 2p^5): IE3IE_3 (Very High). This involves breaking the stable octet of the Neon core ([Ne][Ne]). Therefore, the difference between IE3IE_3 and IE2IE_2 is maximum.
  3. Check other options: Option A (3s13s^1): Alkali metal. Max difference is between IE1IE_1 and IE2IE_2. Option C (2p62p^6): Noble gas. High IEs generally, but no specific 'valence-to-core' jump between 2 and 3.
  • Option D (2p52p^5): Halogen. Valence electrons are removed in steps, no core break between 2 and 3.

Exam Context & Concepts Covered

This question aligns with the NEET CHEMISTRY syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.

CHEMISTRYClassification of Elements and Periodicity in Propertieselectronicconfigurationmaximumdifferencebetween

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B.Ca²⁺ < Ar < K⁺
C.Ca²⁺ < K⁺ < Ar
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A.Na⁺, Cl⁻, O⁻, NO⁺
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D.Ca²⁺, Ar, K⁺, Cl⁻
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A.+10.2 eV
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C.–10.2 eV
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A.H⁺
B.Li⁺
C.Na⁺
D.Mg²⁺
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Identify the correct order of the size of the following species: $Ca^{2+}, K^+, Ar, S^{2-}, Cl^-$

A.$Ca^{2+} < K^+ < Ar < S^{2-} < Cl^-$
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A.Si < C < O < N < F
B.O < F < N < C < Si
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A.Cr > Mn > V > Ti
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