Question
Incorrect order among the following is:
NH₃ < PH₃ < AsH₃ – Acidic
Li < Be < B < C – 1st Ionization potential
Al₂O₃ < MgO < Na₂O < K₂O - Basic
Li⁺ < Na⁺ < K⁺ < Cs⁺ - Ionic radius
Let's analyze the trends based on periodic properties:
Ionization Potential (Option B): Generally, ionization enthalpy increases across a period. However, there is an anomaly between Group 2 and Group 13. Beryllium () has a stable, completely filled subshell (), whereas Boron () has one electron in the subshell (). The electron in boron is more shielded and easier to remove than the electron in beryllium. Consequently, the first ionization enthalpy of Boron is lower than that of Beryllium (). The correct order is . The option stating is therefore incorrect , .
Ionic Radius (Option D): As we move down a group, new electron shells are added, increasing the size of the ion. Thus, the trend is correct , .
Basic Nature of Oxides (Option C): Metallic character increases down a group and decreases across a period. More metallic elements form more basic oxides. Potassium () is more metallic than Sodium (), which is more metallic than Magnesium (). Aluminum () forms amphoteric oxides. Therefore, the basic strength order is correct .
Acidic Nature of Hydrides (Option A): For Group 15 hydrides, as the size of the central atom increases (), the E–H bond strength decreases, making it easier to release a proton (). Thus, acidic character increases down the group: . This is correct.
This question aligns with the NEET CHEMISTRY syllabus, specifically targeting concepts from Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties. Mastering this topic is crucial for scoring well in the upcoming medical entrance examinations. Solving conceptually related problems will help you understand the nuances of these concepts and improve your problem-solving speed.
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