Q1. The process of removing nitrogenous waste in the form of urea is called:A. AmmonotelismB. UreotelismC. UricotelismD. Hemodialysis
Q2. Which condition results from the accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints?A. Diabetes mellitusB. UremiaC. GoutD. Nephritis
Q3. Which of the following statements about ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is incorrect?A. ADH is released when blood osmolarity increases.B. ADH increases water permeability in the collecting ducts.C. ADH promotes sodium excretion in urine.D. ADH plays a role in maintaining blood pressure.
Q4. Which disorder is characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney?A. UremiaB. GlomerulonephritisC. Renal calculiD. Diabetes insipidus
Q5. Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding urine formation?A. Filtration occurs at the glomerulus.B. Reabsorption takes place in the proximal convoluted tubule.C. Secretion occurs in the collecting duct.D. Loop of Henle plays a role in urine concentration.
Q6. Which of the following substances is completely reabsorbed in the nephron under normal conditions?A. UreaB. GlucoseC. CreatinineD. Uric acid
Q7. The final urine is concentrated in which part of the nephron?A. Bowman’s capsuleB. Loop of HenleC. Distal convoluted tubuleD. Collecting duct
Q8. Which type of nephron has a long loop of Henle that extends deep into the medulla?A. Cortical nephronB. Juxtamedullary nephronC. Glomerular nephronD. Malpighian nephron
Q9. Which of the following statements about counter-current mechanisms is correct?A. Counter-current exchange occurs in the Loop of Henle and vasa recta.B. Counter-current exchange occurs between the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule.C. The collecting duct is the primary site of counter-current exchange.D. The counter-current system prevents water reabsorption.
Q10. Which of the following statements about kidney function is correct?A. The kidneys help in blood pressure regulation through renin secretion.B. The kidneys secrete insulin to control blood sugar levels.C. The kidneys produce bile for digestion.D. The kidneys directly produce red blood cells.