Q1. Which condition results from the crystallization of salts in the kidney?A. UremiaB. Diabetes insipidusC. Renal calculiD. Glomerulonephritis
Q2. Which animals are primarily ammonotelic?A. Reptiles and birdsB. MammalsC. Bony fishes and amphibiansD. Insects
Q3. Which of the following hormones inhibits the renin-angiotensin mechanism and lowers blood pressure?A. AldosteroneB. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)C. Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)D. Cortisol
Q4. Which of the following structures is the site of ultrafiltration in the kidney?A. Loop of HenleB. GlomerulusC. Collecting ductD. Distal convoluted tubule
Q5. Which organ plays a significant role in the elimination of CO₂ from the body?A. KidneyB. LiverC. LungsD. Skin
Q6. Which organ is responsible for detoxification and excretion of bilirubin?A. KidneyB. LiverC. LungsD. Skin
Q7. Which excretory product is least toxic and requires minimal water for elimination?A. AmmoniaB. UreaC. Uric acidD. Creatinine
Q8. Which structure in the nephron plays a major role in maintaining the pH balance of blood?A. Bowman’s capsuleB. Proximal convoluted tubuleC. Distal convoluted tubuleD. Collecting duct
Q9. Which excretory disorder is treated using hemodialysis?A. Kidney stonesB. Diabetes insipidusC. Renal failureD. Gout
Q10. Which part of the nephron is responsible for establishing the osmotic gradient in the kidney?A. Proximal convoluted tubuleB. Loop of HenleC. Bowman’s capsuleD. Distal convoluted tubule