Q1. Which of the following hormones regulates sodium ion reabsorption in the kidney?A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)B. AldosteroneC. InsulinD. Glucagon
Q2. What is the role of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)?A. Ultrafiltration of bloodB. Regulation of blood pressureC. Reabsorption of sodiumD. Secretion of creatinine
Q3. Which hormone inhibits the renin-angiotensin mechanism and promotes sodium excretion?A. AldosteroneB. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)C. Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)D. Cortisol
Q4. Which blood vessel carries filtered blood away from the glomerulus?A. Afferent arterioleB. Efferent arterioleC. Renal veinD. Peritubular capillaries
Q5. Which of the following statements about urine formation is incorrect?A. Filtration occurs in the glomerulus.B. Reabsorption occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule.C. The collecting duct is the main site for glucose reabsorption.D. Secretion occurs in the distal convoluted tubule.
Q6. Which of the following helps in regulating kidney function?A. ThyroxineB. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)C. GlucagonD. Oxytocin
Q7. Which statement about aldosterone is correct?A. Aldosterone promotes sodium excretion and potassium reabsorption.B. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the nephron.C. Aldosterone decreases blood pressure.D. Aldosterone is secreted by the pituitary gland.
Q8. Which of the following statements about ADH is correct?A. ADH decreases water reabsorption in the collecting ducts.B. ADH increases urine production.C. ADH helps in water retention by increasing permeability of collecting ducts.D. ADH is secreted by the adrenal gland.
Q9. Which of the following statements about the glomerulus is correct?A. The glomerulus filters blood and removes large proteins.B. The glomerulus allows only small molecules like glucose and ions to pass through.C. The glomerulus actively reabsorbs sodium ions.D. The glomerulus secretes ADH for water retention.
Q10. Which type of nitrogenous waste requires the most water for excretion?A. Uric acidB. UreaC. AmmoniaD. Creatinine