Q1. What is the function of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)?A. Increase sodium retentionB. Reduce blood pressureC. Stimulate renin secretionD. Increase water reabsorption
Q2. Which of the following statements about renal circulation is correct?A. The afferent arteriole carries blood to the glomerulus.B. The efferent arteriole carries blood to the heart.C. The renal vein supplies blood to the nephron.D. The peritubular capillaries are part of the lymphatic system.
Q3. Which of the following statements about urine formation is correct?A. Filtration occurs in the proximal convoluted tubuleB. Reabsorption occurs only in the distal convoluted tubuleC. Secretion occurs in the collecting ductD. Filtration occurs in the glomerulus
Q4. Which statement about the renal threshold of glucose is incorrect?A. The renal threshold for glucose is around 180 mg/dL.B. If blood glucose levels exceed the renal threshold, glucose appears in urine.C. All individuals have the same renal threshold for glucose.D. Below the renal threshold, all glucose is reabsorbed in the nephron.
Q5. Which of the following excretory structures is found in Platyhelminthes?A. NephridiaB. Malpighian tubulesC. Flame cellsD. Green glands
Q6. Which statement about renal circulation is incorrect?A. The afferent arteriole carries blood into the glomerulus.B. The efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus.C. The renal vein carries oxygenated blood from the kidney.D. Peritubular capillaries are involved in reabsorption.
Q7. Which of the following statements about the renin-angiotensin system is correct?A. Renin is released in response to high blood pressure.B. Renin activates angiotensinogen into angiotensin I.C. Angiotensin II decreases blood pressure by dilating blood vessels.D. Aldosterone reduces sodium reabsorption in the kidney.
Q8. Which of the following statements about renal circulation is correct?A. Blood enters the glomerulus through the efferent arteriole.B. The renal vein carries deoxygenated but filtered blood from the kidney.C. The afferent arteriole carries blood away from the nephron.D. Glomerular filtration occurs in the collecting duct.
Q9. Which of the following structures in the kidney is responsible for regulating glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?A. Proximal convoluted tubuleB. Loop of HenleC. Juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)D. Collecting duct
Q10. Which of the following statements regarding excretion in humans is incorrect?A. The kidney excretes nitrogenous waste.B. Lungs help in excreting carbon dioxide.C. The liver excretes bilirubin.D. Skin plays no role in excretion.