Q1. The process by which blood is artificially filtered in patients with kidney failure is called:A. DialysisB. OsmoregulationC. SecretionD. Micturition
Q2. Which hormone increases water permeability in the collecting duct?A. AldosteroneB. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)C. ReninD. Cortisol
Q3. Which of the following statements about excretion in humans is incorrect?A. The kidney excretes nitrogenous waste.B. The liver plays no role in excretion.C. The lungs excrete carbon dioxide.D. The skin eliminates small amounts of urea through sweat.
Q4. Which of the following statements about aldosterone is incorrect?A. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the nephron.B. Aldosterone promotes potassium excretion.C. Aldosterone is secreted by the pituitary gland.D. Aldosterone helps regulate blood pressure.
Q5. The afferent arteriole carries blood:A. To the glomerulusB. Away from the glomerulusC. To the renal pelvisD. To the urinary bladder
Q7. Which part of the nephron is responsible for establishing an osmotic gradient in the kidney?A. Proximal convoluted tubuleB. Loop of HenleC. Distal convoluted tubuleD. Bowman’s capsule
Q8. Which of the following excretory products requires the maximum amount of water for its elimination?A. Uric acidB. AmmoniaC. UreaD. Creatinine
Q9. Which of the following statements about the renal corpuscle is correct?A. It consists of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule.B. It is responsible for active reabsorption of glucose.C. It produces concentrated urine directly.D. It is part of the Loop of Henle.
Q10. Which of the following statements about counter-current mechanisms is correct?A. Counter-current exchange occurs between the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule.B. The counter-current mechanism helps concentrate urine.C. The collecting duct is the primary site of counter-current exchange.D. The counter-current system has no role in water reabsorption.